This project introduces a DC motor driver designed for low to medium-powered motors, capable of managing up to six motors or three for precise rotation control. The controller centers around the L293D IC, providing 600mA per channel, and incorporates an H-Bridge utilizing NPN and PNP transistors, offering 1.15A per channel. Key connections include inputs (A, B, C, D, E, F) for receiving analog or digital signals, ENABLE (E1-2, E3-4) to activate L293D inputs with a maximum supply voltage of 7V, and outputs (+M1, -M1, +M2, -M2, +M3, -M3) for motor linkage. The +9-12V input powers the motors, with a maximum supply voltage of 36V (24V recommended for H-Bridge). The +5V input receives logic supply voltage for the L293D, accommodating voltages higher than 5V, capped at 30V, thanks to an integrated LM7805 voltage regulator. The project offers flexibility by allowing the removal of a jumper to use only the L293D if required.
Learn more about the L293D circuit
The L293D is a versatile integrated circuit commonly employed as a motor driver in electronic applications. Designed to control DC motors, it features dual H-Bridge outputs, enabling bidirectional control of two motors or a single stepper motor. The IC is equipped with internal clamp diodes for inductive load protection, making it suitable for various motor-driving scenarios. With the capability to deliver a continuous current of up to 600mA per channel and peak currents of 1.2A, the L293D provides efficient motor control. Additionally, it includes built-in thermal shutdown and current limiting features, enhancing its reliability and safeguarding against potential damage. The L293D’s compatibility with TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic) and CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) input levels further contributes to its widespread usage in robotics, mechatronics, and other electronic projects requiring precise motor control.
The features of the L293D integrated circuit:
Dual H-Bridge: The L293D is equipped with two H-Bridges, enabling bidirectional control of two independent DC motors or a single stepper motor.
1. Continuous and Peak Current: It can deliver a continuous current of up to 600 mA per channel, with a peak current capacity of 1.2A.
2. Inductive Load Protection: Internal clamp diodes are included for protection against inductive loads, enhancing the IC’s suitability for various motor-driving applications.
3. Thermal Shutdown: The L293D features built-in thermal shutdown, providing protection against overheating.
4. Current Limiting: The IC incorporates current limiting functionality, contributing to its reliability and preventing potential damage.
5. TTL and CMOS Compatibility: It is compatible with both TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic) and CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) input levels, facilitating integration into a wide range of electronic projects.
These features make the L293D a popular choice for applications requiring precise and flexible control of DC motors.
Schematic
Connections
PCB
Source : electronics-lab.com (CC BY-SA 4.0)